New Classical Macroeconomics

About New Classical Macroeconomics The new classical macroeconomics school of thought was based on the neoclassical background. This school of thought which originated in the 1970s was formulated by key economists such as by Robert Lucas, Thomas Sargent, Neil Wallace, and Edward Prescott. The New Classical Macroeconomics school of thought attempts to analyse macroeconomic models using the microeconomic models.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on New Classical Macroeconomics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Specifically, this school of though has the primary building blocks borrowed from classical economics that was originally formulated by Adam Smith. The school of thought contradicts with the new Keynesian school of thought since the latter makes use of the microeconomic foundations to produce macroeconomic models. The New Classical Macroeconomics school of thought pays attention to the role of rational economic age nts and the theory of rational expectations in making decisions. Based on the rational expectations, the school of thought assumes that agents aims at maximising utility. The model opines that the government intervention in demand management is not effective in the short run (Bade and Parkin 2009, p. 43). Thus, this analytical treatise attempts to explicitly discuss the main propositions of the New Classical Macroeconomics and its policy implications in understanding macroeconomics models. Propositions of the New Classical Macroeconomics Specifically, the three main propositions that will be extrapolated include flexible prices, imperfect information and rational expectation. The treatise explicitly explores the concept of rational expectation in addressing the propositions of the new classical macroeconomic school of thought. Rational Expectation About the rational expectation theory The rational expectation hypothesis argues that expectations are formed on the basis of available i nformation. Reflectively, the information should be relevant and based on the variables being predicted. The hypothesis states that agents should comprehend the fundamental economic associations in the economy and assumes that expectation errors are not systematic but are random. Random expectation is different from adaptive expectation since adaptive expectations have no random errors. The lack of randomness of the adaptive expectations makes adaptive expectations not satisfactory when dealing with agents (Barber 2010, p. 32).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Accordingly, rational expectations require the agents to be coherent and optimising. This implies that agents make use of all available information in an efficient way to make informed decisions on their expectations about economic variables. The hypothesis argues that for the agents to form rational expectations, then they must be aware of the true economical model that connects all the relevant economic variables. For instance, assume that a true economic model that estimates the price level is given by the quantity theory of money. The information to be provided in the economic model that would help agents make rational decisions should comprise of variables such as money supply, speed of money, and nominal and real income. Besides, the agents must be well informed and where possible be educated in order to be in a postion to make decisions based on the relevant economic theory. Additionally, the hypothesis assumes that the agents are aware and well educated of the relevant economic model, and that they use the model to make decisions. For the model to work, then the errors should not be serially correlated and the errors should have a zero mean and should have the features of a random variable, that is, identically, and independently distributed. Interestingly, the errors in time (t) are not c orrelated with errors in time (t-1) (Henderson 2004, p. 51). Explanation of rational hypothesis above is unrealistic in the sense that there is no possibility of having perfect information. As a matter of fact, it is not possible to have a scenario where all players in the market have perfect information. Further, it is based on Walrasian assumptions that may not be practical in the market. Also, error terms in different periods are often related to the market dynamics and not static. Shortcomings of the rational expectation hypothesis In as much as the rational expectation hypothesis forms the major proposition of the New Classical Macroeconomics, it has a number of shortcomings. First, the hypothesis is unrealistic since it ignores the influence of fiscal and monetary policies in the economy. Reflectively, it is not possible for such a scenario to occur since most economies have set up various institutions that work towards maintaining the stability of the economy. Examples of suc h institution are the central bank and financial institutions (Saada 2009, p. 63). Secondly, the hypothesis assumes that all agents in the economy have perfect information about the expected behavior of the economy. This is not feasible in any economy since it is not possible in any economy. Rather, it is an idealised assumption that only exists in a perfectly competitive economy. Thirdly, the model assumes that all agents are well informed of the actions they should take when the economy changes. This is not feasible since not all players in an economy have the perfect information. Thus, the assumptions of the rational expectation hypothesis casts doubt on the effectiveness of the New Classical Macroeconomics (Parkin 2007, p. 33).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on New Classical Macroeconomics specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Flexibility of prices The New Classical Macroeconomics school of thought assumes that pri ces are flexible. This implies that the market operates without intervention or impediments so as to allow complete flexibility. Consequently, the forces of demand and supply sets the equilibrium price and quantity. This also implies that the economy will be operating at the natural rate of output. Flexibility of prices requires that the prices of goods and services and wages in the economy to befully determined by the forces of demand and supply. This ignores the existence of labor unions and government intervention such as minimum wage principles (Chrystal and Price 1994, p. 27) which are vital in price determination. Imperfect information The second key proposition of this school of thought is imperfect information. The proposition asserts that the economic agents in the economy do not have perfect information concerning the economy. This is because they live in a random environment and more than often, there are swings in the economy and having a perfect information on how the e conomy will work is not feasible. This proposition contradicts with the rational expectations theory which assumes that all agents in the economy have adequate information and that they will make use of all available information to make informed decisions (Snowdon and Vane 2005, p. 29). Impact of the propositions Based on the propositions, the New Classical Macroeconomics holds that the market will clear by itself at all times. In addition, the economy will be operating at full employment and at a natural level of output all the time. However, there are adjustments on the prices and wages so as to achieve the natural level of output. Therefore, the New Classical Macroeconomics argue that there should be no interference in the market since the market clears all the times. They auxiliary argue that, in times of crisis such as during a recession, the market should be allowed to clear without making adjustments in the market. The arguments of the New Classical Macroeconomics are consist ent with how the perfect market operates on the assumption that prices are flexible. The perfect markets also assume that all players in the market aim at maximising their utility. For instance, buyers aim at maximising their utility, workers aim at maximising their welfare, and sellers aims at maximising revenue and profits.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Finally, there are no transaction costs in the market. The efficiency theory of the New Classical Macroeconomics school of thought is consistent with the Say’s law (in Classical economics) which states that in an economy, the aggregate supply must be equal to the aggregate demand so as to ensure stability. Based on the comparison with the perfect market, it implies that the New Classical Macroeconomics school of thought ensures that there is a Pareto efficient market. Thus, one person cannot gain without making another person lose in the market because the resources are allocated using equilibrium forces. Further, firms only earn normal profits from business operations since competition would reduce any abnormal profits earned (Moon 2013, p. 22). Policy implication of the New Classical Macroeconomics Self adjusting economy As mentioned above, the New Classical Macroeconomics school of thought assumes that the economy is self correcting all the time. This implies that there is no need for intervention to correct imbalances in the economy. This is as a result of the efficiency of the economy. The model asserts that the economy has several mechanisms that ensure that all imbalances are restored to the equilibrium state at all times. From this school of thought, it can be deduced that since the economy operates at close to full employment and natural level of output, then there is no need to aggressively interfere with the economy since intervention may cause disequilibrium or inflation. Thus, the school of thought ensures that an economy has free markets that do not have failures and is achieved using the supply side policies. The supply side policies are used to increase aggregate supply without increasing the price level in the economy. An example of the supply side policy would be to reduce the amount of benefits at work so as to increase the upturn of people to work in addition to reducing the influence of trade unions so as to make wages in the econom y more flexible. Generally, the policy aims at minimising regulations so as to make the markets open to the forces of demand and supply (Wessels 2006). Secondly, the New Classical Macroeconomics school of thought ensures that the quantity of money supply in the economy is under control so as to keep the inflation rates at low levels. Examples of the policies that can be put in place to control money supply is introducing controls on interest rates and monetary base. As a result, the amount of money demanded and money supplied in the economy will be controlled by the forces of demand and supply (Mankiw 2011, p. 48). Conclusion The New Classical Macroeconomics school of thought is built on the assumption that all agents in the economy use the information available to make rational decisions. As a consequence, the behavior of all agents in the economy is consistent with the rational expectation hypothesis. However, this hypothesis is based on unrealistic assumptions that casts doubt on the efficiency of the New Classical Macroeconomics school of thought. The school of thought ensures efficiency since the economy is self correcting and thus, there is no need of any kind of intervention. The efficiency assumption is similar to the characteristics of a perfect market. It is also built based on some quite unrealistic assumptions (Arnold 2008, p. 29). The policy implication of the New Classical Macroeconomics of a self adjusting economy has been criticised in a number of areas. The policy does not give an account of unemployment in an economy because, based on the school of thought, it is expected that the forces of labor supply and labor demand will create equilibrium in the economy. This equilibrium in the labor market should yield full employment implying that there should be zero unemployment rate. However, this is contrary to most economies since soaring unemployment rates has discredited the underlying assumptions of this school of thought (Adil 2006, p. 31). Se condly, the school of thought fails to explain the existence of a business cycle in an economy caharacterised by the cycles of boom, depression, recession, and recovery. Based on the New Classical Macroeconomics school of thought, an economy should not experience the business cycle. This is because the economy should be in a position to self correct before moving to another point in the cycle. This school of thought cannot give explanations for the recession that was experienced between 2009 and 2010 (Mankiw 2011, p. 38). In as much as the New Classical Macroeconomics school of thought is based on unrealistic assumptions and it has failed in certain areas, it gives directions on how to influence the supply side so as to achieve stability in the economy. Reference List Adil, J 2006, Supply and demand, Capstone Press, USA. Arnold, R 2008, Economics, Cengage learning, USA. Bade, R Parkin, M 2009, Essential foundations of economics, Pearson Education, United States of America. Barber, R 2010, Elasticity, University of Michigan, New York. Chrystal, A Price, S 1994, Controversies in Macroeconomics, Harvester Wheatsheaf, Hertfordshire. Henderson, D 2004, Supply and demand, Kessinger Publishing, USA. Mankiw, G 2011, Principles of economics, Cengage Learning, USA. Moon, M 2013, Demand and supply integration: The key to world-class demand forecasting, Pearson Education Inc., USA. Parkin, M 2007, Economics, University of Michigan, USA. Saada, S 2009, Elasticity: theory and application, Ross Publishing, USA. Snowdon, B Vane, H 2005, Modern Macroeconomics: Its Origins, Development and Current State, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham. Wessels, W 2006, Economics, Barron’s Educational Series, USA. This essay on New Classical Macroeconomics was written and submitted by user Orange Rhinoceros to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Helen Hunt Jackso Essays - Helen Hunt Jackson, A Century Of Dishonor

Helen Hunt Jackso Essays - Helen Hunt Jackson, A Century Of Dishonor Helen Hunt Jackso A Century Of Dishonor, a Triumph or Tragedy? The author Helen Hunt Jackson had hoped for a triumph over the mistreatment, abuse, and mainly the deaths of seemingly innocent Native Americans with her novel, A Century Of Dishonor. However, when the hard cold reality set in, her novel was merely a small tragedy in the battle for the Native Americans that sadly went unnoticed. What treaty that the whites ever made with us red men have they kept? Not one. When I was a boy the Sioux owned the world. The sun rose and set in their lands. They sent 10,000 horse men to battle. Where are the warriors to-day? Who slew them? Where are our lands? Who owns them? What white man can say I ever stole his money? Yet they say I am a thief.... What law have I broken? Is it wrong for me to love my own? Is it wicked in me because my skin is red; because I am a Sioux; because I was born where my fathers lived; because I would die for my people and my country (qtd. in Carruth and Ehrlich 56). To write about the author, one must first understand why she felt so strongly for this sensitive issue. Helen Hunt Jackson began writing professionally at age 35. She first became involved with the plight of the American Indian in 1879 after attending a lecture illuminating the poor living conditions and mistreatment the Ponca tribe was undergoing. Jackson became enamored with this issue, she effectively wielded her writing skills to illuminate the plight of the Poncas to the general public through the publication of numerous in-depth letters to the editors of many major eastern newspapers. She furthered her cause by writing personal letters to prominence such as Henry Wadsworth Longfellow and Oliver Wendell Holmes and became heavily involved in literary sparring matches with the Secretary of the Interior and others who disagreed with her cause. Her crusade was successful in obtaining federal resolve of many of the issues facing the Poncas (Moon 1). To write of the novel A Century Of Dishonor, one must understand from which it was written. This is a detailed account of the last six years of Jacksons life (1879-1885), when she struggled to promote the rights of American Indians displaced and dispossessed by the U. S. government (Mathes). This interest climaxed when she heard Ponca chieftain Standinng Bear and Suzette Bright Eyes La Flesche lecture in Boston in 1879 on the suffering of many dispossessed Plains Indians. As Odell notes, Jacksons was a sudden and consuming interest. For the first time, she identified herself with a national reform movement, not having written for the causes of black-white equality, temperance, and suffrage.... Jackson became determined to write a nonfiction book that would expose the governments maltreatment of its wards and plead for America to correct its record. Her campaign to arouse public opinion culminated in the publication in 1881 of A Century Of Dishonor, a document of some four hundred fifty pages whose major thesis is that the Indian policy of the United States defied the basic principles of justice (Estes 246-247). Helen Hunt Jackson had determined to do a full-dress study at the New York Astoor Library, where she found more than enough information to present that knowledge to the 1880 Congress. She presents her case in emotional narratives of the history of seven tribes, the Cheyennes, Cherokees, Delawares, Nez Perces, Poncass, Sioux, and Winnebagoes, and on the massacres of Indians by whites (Estes 247). Needless to say, the 1800 Congress was not interested. However, the powerful Indian Rights Association was formed within a year of its publication (Estes 247). Not only was the information publiced, President Chester Arthur appointed Helen Hunt Jackson as a commissionner of the Indian Affairs in 1882. To prove all this it is only necessary to study the history of any one of the Indian tribes. I propose to give in the following chapters merely outline sketches of the history of a few of them, not entering more into details than necessary to show the repeated broken faith of the United States government toward them. A full history of the wrongs they have suffered at the hands of the authorities, military and civil, and also of the citizens of this country, it would take years to write and volumes to hold (Jackson 29).The novel was then reviewed in the New York Times sixteen years after her death. Of this story it is not necessary to say anything here. This edition is printed in

Sugar Water in the Gas Tank Urban Legend

Sugar Water in the Gas Tank Urban Legend Internet urban legend warns of a criminal ploy to disable womens vehicles by pouring sugar water in their gas tanks. Does this trick really work? Description: Urban legendCirculating since: Oct. 2005 (this version)Status: Dubious (see details below) Example Email contributed Oct. 14, 2005: Subject: Warning....be alert!Thought this might be worth passing on.Subject: FW: Warning....be alert! Target in Olathe.I just wanted to let you all know of something that happened to me today in the Target parking lot. be aware of this and let everyone you know aware so this does not happen to anyone else. I was at Target today to return something which only took a couple of minutes. when I pulled into the parking lot a man in a car pulled in a couple spaces down from me. he started to go into the store about the same time as I did, then turned back around and went back to his car. I went into Target returned my items and walked back out to get into my car. when I walked out, he was walking away from my car carrying a small gas can. I noticed there was fluid on the side of my car and a puddle beside it. I got into my car not sure of what happened, wrote down his license plate # and left. He followed me out of the parking lot and onto 169. I was only able to drive about a half a mile and my car started acting funny. It died on me as I was driving and I was able to pull into an area business along the highway. I just sat in my car and called the police. The man drove by three times as I waited. The police who came took a report and said that he had poured sugar water into my gas tank which is what made my car stall. It was a great way to get a woman by herself to be stranded on the streets. Luckily for me I was able to stop where there were people around. The police know where the car came from and are working on this now. Not sure what will happen but my car is now in the shop not running, but it could have been much worse for me. Just be aware that this is happening and always be aware of your surroundings. It certainly scared me and I am grateful that nothing else happened. Analysis While its not 100 percent beyond the realm of possibility, the incident described above seems unlikely to have happened given the haphazard nature of the ploy involved. Putting sugar or water in the gas tank of a vehicle can indeed cause the engine to stall- sugar, because the granules wont dissolve in gasoline and may clog the fuel filter; water, because it interrupts combustion- but neither method will produce a predictably-timed engine failure. Depending on the quantity of the foreign substance introduced, it might take minutes, hours, or even days for the stall to occur, if it occurs at all. The same would hold true if the foreign substance was a sugar-water mixture. Dissolved in water, the sugars effect would be negligible, so its essentially no different than pouring plain H2O in the gas tank. The point is, the evildoer who plans to use this method to waylay his victim in a conveniently secluded spot is leaving an awful lot to chance, and, more likely than not, will fail. Which makes it unlikely that such a ploy is often used. From Kansas to Texas to North Carolina It may seem strange, then, to find email reports of incidents matching this exact description happening in Target store parking lots everywhere from Kansas to Texas to North Carolina. But its not so strange when you consider that this forwarded message has been circulating non-stop since 2005, accruing helpful bits of misinformation along the way. In this respect, the text fulfills the classic definition of what folklorists call a migratory legend, with individuals revising specific details to localize the tale before passing it along. At the same time, the story has inspired skeptical news coverage in some cities based on disavowals by local police. â€Å"It’s not happening in Hickory, police captain Clyde Deal told the Hickory, NC Daily Record after the email surfaced there in March 2007. â€Å"As far as we can tell, it’s not happening anywhere in western North Carolina.† Assistant police chief Mike Samp of Mishawaka, Indiana, gave a similar response to the South Bend Tribune: We researched it and could find no police report, which quite naturally, made us suspicious. Police in Wheeling, Ohio simply dismissed it as a hoax. Another Close Call Sifting through email archives, we discovered a variant of this story dating from November 2002 in which a perpetrator who disables a womans car with sugar water is captured by police and found to have an array of kidnapping implements hidden in his van. This alternate version bears a general similarity to the one weve already seen, but is also reminiscent of The Knife in the Briefcase, an urban legend circulating online since the late 90s in which a woman survives a close call in a shopping mall parking lot with a good Samaritan who turns out to be packing a knife, duct tape, and chloroform. Email contributed Nov. 11, 2002: Fw: THIS ALERT COULD SAVE YOUR LIFE!!!!!!!!!!I wanted to share a TRUE story with all of you. I heard about this last week and found out, that it is indeed TRUE. This happened to Cathy Conaways sister, who lives in North Guyton. She went to the Wal-Mart in Pooler about 11:00 one night about 1-2 weeks ago. (Im sure this is familiar for a lot of us) When she parked her car, there was a van parked right next to her. She heard noise coming from inside but didnt see anyone in it. (didnt think much about it then)About 1 a.m. she was leaving and noticed that the van was now parked in front of her vehicle. Getting a little nervous ( that gut feeling) she went back inside and asked if a security guard could walk her out. As they were loading her car, the van pulled out and left. As she got on the road, she noticed the same van behind her. She went a little ways (between Pooler and Faulkville) and her car began to spit and sputter. By this time she was really scared and called 911 from her cell phone. As she pulled over, the police was right there, and the van went on by.While talking to the police the van had turned around and went back by. She pointed it out and the police went after it. The man inside was arrested and taken to jail, but was released on a $700 bond. In his van they found: HER gas cap, a gun, hunting knife, duct tape, rope, a gallon jug of sugar water, and two pairs of womens underwear!!!!!!!!!! After getting her vehicle checked out for the problem, it was determined that sugar and water had been poured into her gas tank.They have found the man and he is back in jail. He is from Walterboro, S.C. I thought I would share this with you since Christmas shopping nights are just ahead. PLEASE be aware of your surroundings where ever you go. As for me, Im getting a LOCKING gas cap. They sell them (where else but) Wal-Mart. Anyway, the bottom line is: BE CAREFUL!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!Remember the lady that went missing from Rincon several months ago? They found her car , I think in the Freds parking lot, but still have not found her. Makes you wonder, doesnt it Cautionary tales are meant to instruct, and in a vague sense these examples may be edifying even though theyre false, in that they remind potential crime victims to take note of their surroundings and be wary of the advances of strangers when alone. But they also mislead, diverting attention to fictional scenarios and creating a climate of fear. Remember the fable of the boy who cried wolf? People will only be deceived so many times before they just stop listening, and that defeats the purpose. Sources I Put Sugar in My Husbands Gas Tank... Car TalkDont Panic, Widespread Email Warning Women Just a Prank. Hickory Record (North Carolina).Another Urban Legend Gets Debunked. South Bend Tribune, 10 March 2007.Hoax Email Aimed at Women. WTOV-TV News, 28 February 2007.What If I Put Sugar in Someones Gas Tank? How Stuff Works.

Hrm Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hrm - Essay Example There are various differences between leadership and management; however, their biggest difference is how they get their followers to do what they want. This makes all the difference in various aspects of how they do things. Managers’ power given to them by the organizations they are employed in and they have assistants who work for them. Management uses transactional method to have tasks done. This means that the subordinates do what they are told because they expect something in return, this is normally salary. Managers act out of motivation that they will get paid after delivering. Therefore they put focus to their subordinate to reach the organizations’ expectations. On the other hand leaders do not have subordinates, unless in formal setting where they also hold management roles. In normal circumstances, leaders have followers who are inspired by their actions (Daft, & Lane, 2005, P. 5). Leadership requires that a person appeal other people so much that they are ready to stop doing what they are doing to follow them. It means they are ready to take risks they would not have considered to take were it not for the influence of a particular person (Bertocci, 2009, P. 6). Leaders get things done through their strong charisma and they do not promise their followers material reward; they persuade them by promising them positive transformation. Therefore, leadership is about making positive effect in people’s lives and leaders are able to convince people that they will become better people after following their leadership. Leadership focus a lot of their attention to people they work with. Leaders are charismatic but they do not necessarily hav e a loud personality they use a quiet, genuine style of addressing people. They are also ready to take blame for other people’s mistakes and always give credit to others. Leadership has many positive effects to

Video review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Video review - Essay Example This is a goal that will take me many years to accomplish, but I know that I can do it. I also know that I want to work in a way that will allow me to travel more than I can right now. Traveling the world is something that really is appealing to me. I already speak a few languages and hope to develop this skill through more travel. There is a lot of pleasure to be had in traveling, but I believe that there is even more to be had in living and being immersed in a different culture. I hope to use my PhD in a way that will allow me to travel and live abroad for extended periods of time. I know that it sounds as though these two goals are only professional goals, but my profession is a huge part of my life. I want to have a life defined by accomplishing these two goals. Exercise #2 I have felt like some of the students featured in this video. I can still remember being in classes where the way the teacher addressed various students was very demeaning. He seemed to feel that unless you fi t into a very narrow definition of what a good student was, and then he had not time for you. I have been made to feel inferior because of my ethnicity and because of my gender. I know that traditional biases have been against women and minorities, but the biases do not end there in the classroom. I have witnessed white, male students demeaned in history classes because of the history of colonialism of the European powers. I remember thinking to myself, â€Å"Why is this professor treating this guy so badly, just because he is a male of European descent?† I mean, it isn’t like he personally owned slaves or colonized Africa. Having seen and been the subject of biased treatment from professors has made me determined to never treat my students this way. While watching the video, it occurred to me that much of the cultural bias displayed was generated from a desire to be in control and to be powerful. There is no better way to keep power than to convince everyone else that they are somehow inferior to you. I want to have a community of learners in my classroom, not a situation where I need to tear others down just to prove my superiority in some way. Exercise #3 In my class, all students will be honored. I recognize that we are all adults in this course and we all are here to better ourselves in one way or another. Most of us are here on our own accord, so we deserve to have a meaningful educational experience free from sarcasm, bias or harassment of any sort. As a result, I believe that the following guidelines need to apply in this classroom. The first guideline concerns student comments. There are a variety of ways individuals from various cultures express themselves orally. In this class, everyone will be expected to only offer encouraging and academically appropriate comments. This does not mean we can never disagree or think critically. It means that we need to keep our communication focused on what was said and not how it was said. The second guideline concerns student learning. Everyone learns differently. One person may feel that a project or research assignment is a great opportunity to learn, while another views it as drudgery. I would like you to keep an open mind about the assignments in the course, saving criticism for the assignments and not directing it at other group members or myself. By doing this, you ensure everyone can learn in the manner that is most fitting for their individual learning style. Finally, I need to

Performance Appraisal Essay Example for Free

Performance Appraisal Essay Appraisal is a procedure by which an organization assesses employee performance based on present standards . The main purpose of appraisals is to support managers effectively, staff companies and deal with human resources, and to develop efficiency . Being â€Å"part of an organization measurement process†, performance appraisals serve that purpose by showing employees how to improve their performance, establish goals for employees and helping managers to evaluate subordinates’ efficiency and take actions related to hiring, promotions, training, job design, compensation and terminations. In the last 30 years companies use the employee evaluations not only for administrative purpose, but also for motivational and organizational planning purposes. The object of this paper is to understand and explain the role of human resources which to ensure the effective and efficient use of human talent to accomplish organizational goals in a company. Human Resources Management deals with what can or should be done to make working people more effective and satisfied. In a few words, the management of human resources means that they must be recruited compensated,  trained, and developed. It is HRM’s responsibility to make job analysis (describe work and personal requirements of a particular job), to communicate to the employees performance standards (translate job requirements into levels of acceptable / unacceptable performance) and to coordinate performance appraisal programs. Thus, all aspects of human resources managements are critical to an organization’s ability to adequately effectively provide a quality work force. In fact, performance appraisals are a significant part of performance management system responsible for designing a work environment in which â€Å"people can perform to the best of their abilities.† Job description The focus in this paper is on presenting information about conducting a performance appraisal for a bus driver position. I choose this position because, bus drivers are important for our contemporaneous society which is in a continued development. This aspect implies the need of more connections between places, more transits and travel for people. It is essential that this action be done in the most safety and comfortable ways. The behaviour of each bus driver employee has to be evaluated and improved if it is necessarily. The training programs are the key in helping drivers learn how to deal with difficult people and avoid violence while on duty. Making a job analyse, bus driver is a position is responsible for transporting people from one place to another for work, errands, school, or other reasons. Takes fares from passengers, issues receipts, announces routes, and ensures passengers get out safety. Their primary responsibilities imply transport people, operate bus, and drive regu lar routes on a schedule or on chartered trips. They obey traffic laws, stop frequently and check the bus tires, lights, and oil and other basic maintenance. They have to report mechanical problems and accidents. May load and unload passengers’ luggage. A bus driver has to deal with unruly passengers, assist disabled ones and keep passengers informed of delays. Bus drivers are employed by urban transit system, elementary and secondary schools and private transportation companies. According to Service Canada the job prospects in this occupation is good having an annual average salary of 43,895. Thus, customer service skills are important because of the interaction with passengers. For a school bus driver is essential to ensure the safety of the children, which  may include accompanying students across the street and providing first aid in emergencies. The following skills are very important for a bus driver: active listening, operation monitoring, social perceptiveness – being aware of others’ reactions and understanding why they react as they do, equipment maintenance, operation and control, reading comprehension, coordination, time management, speaking, and critical thinking using reasoning to identify the strengths and weaknesses of alternative solutions, conclusions or approaches to problems. Performance appraisal method Measurement of bus driver performance starts with the evaluation of skills and effectiveness during and following the year of work. The primary objective of performance appraisal is to establish whether drivers are performing their job safely serving the customer adequately, and following work rules, policies, and procedures that ensure efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Analyzing the above information and knowing the job description for a bus driver, the behaviourally anchored rating scale (BARS) would be a good method for performance appraisal. This method scales points and is defined by statements of effective and ineffective behaviours. It puts together the benefit the benefits of narratives, critical incidents and quantified scales by attaching a rating scale with specific behavioural examples of good or poor performance. It provides better appraisals than the other tools. The evaluator has to show which behaviour on each scale describes an employee`s performance. For constructi ng the BARS process imply the generation of critical incidents the development of performance dimensions, the relocation of incidents, the scale of the incidents and the development of final instrument. Managers have a file folder for each employee, which can be hard copy or electronic. Critical incidents are important employee actions which help or hurt performance. The BARS is developed by a committee that includes both subordinates and managers. Thus, the main advantage of this method is that personnel outside HR department join with HR staff in its development. Of course, the employees will have a greater acceptance of the performance appraisal process and its measures. In the same time BARS requires considerable time and effort to develop it. Another disadvantage is that a  scale designed for one job might not apply another. For example, the BARS for a bus driver will contain the rating scale from 4 (exceeds expectations) to 1 (unsatisfactory) and its evaluation of safety, timeliness, student conduct, bus cleanliness and care, and attitude. Identification of appraiser Appraisal and feedback system should be made by a multi-rate assessment because bus driver position is multifaceted and people see different things. A range of people are asked to assess an individual against company framework. The feedback can be from subject`s staff, from their bosses and from colleagues and clients and passengers. This is called 360 ° appraisal. The intention of it is to give a boarder and more objective assessment of employees’ competence. This multi-rate feedback is only use when manager has 4-8 people reporting to them. It is important that the employee do not know how any evaluation team member responded ensuring the anonymity concept of 360 ° system. The exception of this rule is the supervisor`s rating. When this feedback comes from more people, it may lessen bias or prejudice. In the same time, feedback from peers and other may increase employee self-development. In the conclusion of this paragraph, remind that HR department has the primary responsibility for supervising and coordinating appraisal program. Conclusion A valuable performance appraisal program makes feedback and instruction to employees and gives a useful framework to the managers and to the supervisors which asses their staff’ performance. The conduct appraisal program should be set up once and reviewed whenever the manager and the employee meet for the regular performance report or periodically: annual or once every six months. Preferable, managers and supervisors should consecutively estimate and direct employees so that performance imperfections do not go unexamined for a long period of time only to be discerned and debated at the functioning appraisal survey. In summary, the performance appraisal for a bus driver position it’s important for the evaluation of this position’ skills but also for the safety of passengers in  their work and personal environment and their daily activities. That’s why a serious and concrete performance and appraisal method should be applied in a schedule planed time in al l the transportation company. Bibliography Belcourt, Monica, Singh Parbudyal, Bohlander George, Swell Scott. Managing Human Resources. Toronto, Ontario: Nelson Education, 2014. Service Canada, http://www.servicecanada.gc.ca/eng/qc/job_futures/statistics/7412.shtml Sage Publication, http://www.sagepub.com/upm-data/45674_8.pdf Transportation Research Board, www.30hrsdc.gc.ca/NOC/English/NOC/2006/Profile

Utopia Essay -- Descriptive Perfect Society Essays Papers

Secluded in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, is a place called Sashy, a wonderful, perfect society. It is always peaceful and nothing bad ever happens on the island. The island's air is always fresh and free of any toxins or pollution. Temperature on the South side of Sashy is always warm with no humidity present. On the North side of Sashy the weather is always perfect for winter activities, the temperature is just cold enough for the snow to fall. The North side of the island is full of steep, snow-covered mountains. On the South side of the Sashy clean, sandy beaches cover the land. The ocean water is crystal clear and warm. Sashy is the perfect place to live. On the island, every person is treated as equals. No one person thinks or acts as if they are better than another. There is no racism or sexism present, all types of people reside here and get along together. Living on the island is people from all different cultures and backgrounds. Everyone lives in peace with no fightin g, violence, crime, or war. The people of Sashy, called Sashians, do not judge each other by their appearance or whom they interacted with. There are many diverse religions in this community. Each one does not criticize the others for their beliefs. Once a month all the different religions get together at the island community building and congregate together to discuss their viewpoints and thoughts on their faith. On this island there is no poverty, disease, or hunger. Everyone has plenty of money...

The handsomest drowned man in the world Essay

Magical realism is a genre that portrays both reality and fantasy. As defined by Faris (2004) in Ordinary enchantments, magical realism is a genre of writing that includes an irreducible element of magic and details that suggest phenomenon (Faris, 2004, p. 7). He describes the irreducible element as: â€Å"†¦something we cannot explain according to the laws of the universe as they have been formulated in Western empirically based discourse†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Faris, 2004, p. 7). In Gabriel Garcia Marquez’s short story, The handsomest drowned man in the world, the facets of magical realism are rife. He uses magical realism to enchant the reader. The story is of a small cliff-side and coastal community that is inhabited by about twenty people and is barren, flowerless land. This village is forever changed by the arrival of an awe-inspiring corpse. The elements of magical realism start to appear when this body that has washed ashore is of a man who is unimaginably beautiful, tal ler than any person they had ever seen, and is not rotted; although, any corpse traveling through the ocean should have been rotted by then. The villagers immediately take him in as one of their own. They name him Esteban and imagine what their lives would be like with him around. This story is in a realistic environment, but the features of this man they have found are â€Å"magical† almost, and the fact that they so effortless accept him is one of the factors that constitute this short story as magical realism. The elements of magical realism are exposed as Marquez compels readers to question their way of thinking by portraying characters and situations that illustrate phenomenon and extreme faith. The villagers show tremendous faith in their immediate acceptance, instead of questioning and fear, of the astonishing drowned man who has so many qualities that are above and beyond that of a normal human being. â€Å"†¦the drowned man was becoming all the more Esteban for them, and so they wept so much, for he was the more destitute, most peaceful, and most obliging man on earth, poor Esteban. So when the men r eturned with the news that the drowned man was not from the neighboring villages either, the women felt an opening of jubilation in the midst of their tears. ‘Praise the Lord,’ they sighed, he’s ours!’† (Marquez, 1972, p. 3). The town falls in love with Esteban, treating him like one of their own, but even better. The women imagine what his life was like before, being so much bigger then everyone else and being more handsome then the rest. They make clothes and jewelry for him and imagine what their lives would be like having him as a husband. The villagers really seem to come together in their admiration of Esteban. Their faith strongly exemplifies the magical realism elements in this story, seeing as normally a reader would expect society to not so readily except something that is so unnatural and uncommon to them. The villagers later decide they need to hold a magnificent funeral for Esteban and they hope that he will return to them one day, as he is a part of their community in their eyes. â€Å"They let him go without an anchor so that he could come back if he wished and whenever he wished, and they all held their breath for the fraction of centuries the body took to fall into the abyss. They did no t need to look at one another to realize that they were no longer all present that they would never be† (Marquez, 1972, p. 4). They hold Esteban in such high esteem, yet he is only a dead corpse. This shows the characteristics of magical realism, Esteban having the irreducible element of magic that enchants the village. Also, they have this blind faith that this dead body will return to them which is why they did not tie an anchor to him. That phenomenon would likely never happen in the real world, but it makes readers question if this glorious being would actually return and be part of their village. During the grand funeral, the villagers recognize the emptiness and dryness of their streets, land, and dreams. Not only do the people of the village desire Esteban to return, but they want to transform their village to be a better fit for him, and ultimately for themselves as well. â€Å"†¦everything would be different from then on, that their houses would have wider doors, higher ceilings, and stronger floors†¦ they were going to paint their house fronts gay colors to make Esteban’s memory e ternal and they were going to break their backs digging for springs among the stones and planting flowers on the cliffs†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Marquez, 1972, p. 4). Esteban’s marvel has charmed the village into wanting to better themselves. Even if over a non-living body, this village will now not be a bland and flowerless desert. The community is over all bettered through their blind faith in Esteban. Is blind faith really a bad fixation? If a community chooses to become a greater place because of the belief in an unlikely event, then there does not seem to be much harm. And the concept is not only in fairy tales and magical realism stories. In many religions, the people believe in an idea that seems absurd; but, it can bring them together and set a standard for positive lifestyles and actions. Some religions even have beliefs similar to the story line of Marquez’s short story, where there is a magnificent being that has died and the people are waiting on the beings return. While in the mean time they try to better their community and their selves for this individual. An example of this is Jesus Christ, and the Christians belief that he will one day return to this world. It seems plausible that Marquez was making a statement on society’s blind faith in his short story. But also, he fascinates the reader with a tale of a phenomenon, while stilling maintaining the readers feeling of reality. Furthermore, not only is The handsomest drowned man in the world an insightful short story, but it also greatly exemplifies the unique style of writing that is magical realism. References Marquez, G. (1972). The handsomest drowned man in the world: A tale for children. In Leaf storm and other stories (pp. 98-104). Retrieved from http://books.google.com/ Faris (2004). Magical Realism between Modern and Postmodern Fiction. In Ordinary Enchantments (pp. 7-42).

Democratic Theory Essay

The concept of democracy has developed through the theories that different personalities have created. Among the most notable individuals that gave substantial contribution to democracy are Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean Jacques Rousseau through their social contract theory. The social contract theory serves as a foundation in the establishment of the major tenets of democracy. The social contract theory of Thomas Hobbes is affected by his belief regarding human nature. Hobbes deems that people are living in a state of nature wherein each individual has a right to everything in the world. However, this could become chaotic as people have varying and often times conflicting interests. As such, this kind of situation will eventually lead to conflict. In relation to this, he asserts that people should surrender their natural rights to a sovereign authority that will be responsible in protecting them against a life that is â€Å"solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short† (Friend). He also states that the abuses of power by this sovereign authority should be accepted in exchange for peace (Friend). On the contrary, the social contract theory of John Locke is different from Hobbes as he believes that the state of nature is not a state without morality. It is pre-political as there is no civil authority or government, but it is not pre-moral because people are regarded as equal with one another in the state of nature and they are capable of discovering the law of nature, which is the basis of all morality. Individuals in this state of nature would come together and surrender their rights to the public power of a government in order for this body to punish those who transgress the law of nature. Another difference of Locke’s theory from Hobbes is that he does not believe that the abuses of power of a supreme authority should not be tolerated, rather the people has the right to reject an abusive government and return to the state of nature to be able to construct a better governing body (Friend). Jean Jacques Rousseau’s social contract theory is largely influenced by the enlightenment age as it was created during that time. Roseau asserts that humans are essentially free in the state of nature but the progress of civilization made people infringe upon the liberty of others through economic and social inequalities. In this sense, he believes that people should have an agreement to come together through the social pact wherein individual persons become collective in surrendering their individual rights and freedom and transfer it to a single body. This single body is composed of the people that are directed towards the common good of the people. As such, the government in Rousseau’s theory is authorized through the general will of the people, which is regarded as a direct form of democracy. His theory is different from Hobbes and Locke because of his idea of respecting the individual will and still allowing them to assemble themselves to form a general will that will embody all the people concerned (Friend). Despite the fact that democracy is regarded as one of the ideal forms of government, it still has its corresponding problems. One of the most notable dilemmas in a democratic system is that the minority is sometimes put in a disadvantageous position as the will of the majority reigns supreme. Another predicament is the ability of the people to vote for the right officials that they will elect in the government. Voting wisely requires people to have the necessary knowledge and ability to discern the right candidates that they will choose. However, this becomes difficult especially for countries where people are illiterate and could be easily influenced by propaganda (Haarsma and Kuchling). Works Cited Friend, Celeste. 2006. â€Å"Social Contract Theory. † The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 10 June 2009 . Haarsma, Loren. , and Kuchling, Andrew Mark. 10 February 1992. â€Å"Problems with Democracy. † 10 June 2009 .

Faithful, Firm and True Book Critique

Faithful, Firm and True Book Critique Free Online Research Papers Dr. Titus Brown is a History professor at Florida AM University located in Tallahassee, Florida. He is a graduate of Albany State University in Albany, Georgia. He is the author of many books including the wonderful Faithful, Firm and True. Faithful, Firm and True gives the readers a detailed look at how formal and organized education was created in the South for free blacks. Assuming Dr. Brown did extensive research to basically travel back in the past to gain knowledge on the inception of something so historical and life changing in society. The question being answered here is how was an education system formed for African Americans, what were the trials and tribulations of the establishment for formal education for African Americans and what was the success of it. And Dr. Brown answered these questions thoroughly in Faithful, Firm and True highlighting the education system in Macon, Georgia and the establishment of Lewis and Ballard High Schools. To illustrate the foundation of formal and organized education for African Americans in the South, Dr. Brown presents the Freedmen’s Bureau and its efforts, accomplishments and failures. In the book, Dr. Brown provides recollections of individuals who were educators during this time. The era is during the Reconstruction, post-Civil War. He mentions one educator’s experience, William Cole. According to Dr. Brown, â€Å"Cole and other teachers were promised pay of twenty-five dollars per month plus a special allowance of thirty cents per day for rations. After working for four months, Cole wrote Superintendent Eberhart complaining that the teachers â€Å"have received but two months pay without the stipulated amount for rations†.† Dr. Brown proceeds to add Cole stating that, â€Å"Parents of the students paid nothing, â€Å"as they were not able to pay to have their children taught.† Moreover, inadequate funds prevented the school from obtaining unif orm textbooks for students.† Lastly Dr. Brown lets it be known that â€Å"Cole’s class purchased its own books at a â€Å"very high price†.† This was merely one the problems that posed during this period. White men ran the country and not much effort was put forward in the education of blacks. It was a system of oppression, one we still see today. To obtain work for money, one most likely had to be educated, with no resources for education, one was left uneducated and unable to obtain work, so they most likely had to return a pseudo form of slavery in order to survive after being legally emancipated. Dr. Brown makes it clear that it was a struggle for blacks to obtain education. The reader learns that many schools geared for African American education were in the basements of churches and most likely solely funded by clergy and church members who had children enrolled. The Freedmen’s Bureau and Freedmen’s Aid Commission alike were enacted for the advancements of African Americans. They worked hard at sticking to their word but as one can read, they often failed. The Freedmen’s Bureau and other organizations were typically ran by Republican politicians but once terrorist groups like the KKK rose to power and started terrorizing individuals like those associated with the Freedmen’s Bureau and African Americans, they began to back away. Eventually, these initiatives were closed down and people of power backed out assuming there will be no end to the violence and opposition basically leaving the individuals they intended to help to fend for themselves. This brought upon the establishment of the AMA, the American Missionary Association. The AMA used the four schools already established in Macon and saw that additional schools were opened such as those in the outbuilding in the Lincoln Home Yard and a room in the Freedmenâ₠¬â„¢s Hospital. The AMA also oversaw the proposal of the first school building in Macon, Georgia. Enrollment dropped when a tuition fee was announced but the individuals in the system raised $1,500 to help and enrollment rose. The school system endured many rise and falls in its establishment but that never stopped production. Dr. Brown’s argument of the hardships that were endured in the establishment of the education system of African Americans is valid and persuasive, in the sense that reader was thoroughly educated and able to understand and maybe empathize with this struggle and the end feeling of accomplishment. In the end we see clearly that Ballard students were well educated and advanced on to other positions, mostly of leadership and also giving back by educating others as they were educated. The reader is able to grasp something so simple as, Hard Work does pay off. Research Papers on Faithful, Firm and True Book CritiqueStandardized Testing19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraHip-Hop is ArtBringing Democracy to AfricaBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyResearch Process Part OneCapital PunishmentQuebec and Canada

All the ACT Idioms You Need Complete List

All the ACT Idioms You Need Complete List SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Idiom questions on the ACT are different from the other grammar questions on the ACT. Why? Idiom questions don’t conform to specific rules. You have to rely on your intuitive grasp of English and your familiarity with certain phrases. Because you’re likely to encounter at least a few idiom questions on the ACT English test, I’ll provide you with some information about idioms that should help you raise your ACT English score. In this post, I’ll do the following: Explain the concept of an idiom. Detail the most common types of idiom questions on the ACT English section. Offer strategies to help you identify and correctly answer idiom questions. Give a thorough list of idioms to help guide your studying. Provide you with ACT English practice questions to test you on what you’ve learned. What Is an Idiom? Idioms are phrases or expressions that do not conform to simple rules. Each idiom, by definition, is unique. Most people think of idioms as expressions that often have figurative meanings different from their literal meanings. Examples of this type of idiom include "actions speak louder than words," "barking up the wrong tree," and "make a long story short." However, the ACT does not test you on these colloquial expressions. ACT English idiom questions will test you on different types of idioms. Idioms have no rules. How Are Idioms Tested on the ACT English Section? While the ACT doesn't test you on the figurative expressions I referenced above, the ACT does test you on two types of idioms: prepositional idioms and idioms with gerunds/infinitives. Prepositional Idioms For prepositional idioms, you must know which prepositions to use with a given word based on the context of the sentence. For example, you should say that you "wonder about" something, not "wonder on" something. You're "suspicious of" something, not "suspicious by" something. There is no rule to determine the correct preposition to use. You must be familiar with the phrase or rely on what you think "sounds right." Here's an example sentence with a prepositional idiom: Unsurprisingly, after Corey decided not to pay back the substantial loan given to him by his best friend, everyone was outraged for Corey’s behavior. This is a typical sentence with an idiom error you may encounter on the ACT. There's no violation of a specific grammar rule in the sentence. However, the phrase "outraged for" is incorrect. The sentence should read: Unsurprisingly, after Corey decided not to pay back the substantial loan given to him by his best friend, everyone was outragedbyCorey’s behavior. The proper expression is "outraged by." There is no rule that allows you to determine the correct idiomatic expression. Familiarity with the given phrases will greatly help you in identifying idiom errors. There's another type of idiom that is commonly tested on the ACT. Idioms with Gerunds or Infinitives Gerunds are verbs that are used as nouns and end in "ing." Examples of gerunds include skipping, talking, and performing. Infinitives are verbs used as nouns and are constructed by using the word "to" plus a verb. Examples of infinitives include to do, to analyze, and to explain. So what are some examples of idioms with gerunds or infinitives? The correct phrase is "capable of being," not "capable to be." The proper idiomatic expression is "regarded asbeing," not "regardedto being." For these types of idioms, you need to know which preposition to use and whether to use a gerund or an infinitive. With some idioms, depending on the context, it's acceptable to use an infinitive or a gerund. Here's an example with the gerund in bold: I neglected doing my homework. The sentence is also correct if you use an infinitive: I neglected to do my homework. While both of those sentences are correct, this is a sentence with an idiom error: Shelby will succeed in to graduate from college. The phrase "succeed in to graduate" is incorrect. Do you know the right idiomatic expression to use? This is the corrected version of the sentence: Shelby will succeed in graduating from college. There's no rule to learn that will indicate that "succeed in graduating" is the correct phrase. Here's one more example of an idiom error: Gina decides leaving the group when we go out. This is how the sentence looks after we fix the idiom error: Gina decides to leave the group when we go out. The infinitive form should be used with the word "decides." Now here are couple of actual idiom questions from real ACTs. Real ACT English Examples Try to answer this idiom question from a real ACT: Explanation: The answer is D. The right idiomatic expression is "sat across from." Here's one more for you: The court agreed with Kevin that a person's right for wearing clothing of his or her own choosing is, in fact, protected by the Fourteenth Amendment. A. NO CHANGE B. of wearing C. to wear D. wearing Explanation: The correct expression is â€Å"right to wear clothing of his or her own choosing." The answer is C. Why Are Idiom Questions Difficult/Easy? Why They're Difficult Idiom questions can be challenging because other grammar questions follow specific rules or patterns that can be applied to all sentences. Idiom questions test your knowledge of specific idiomatic expressions. Literally, there are thousands of idioms. It's not practical to try to remember each one. Furthermore, ESL students are less likely to be able to identify idiom errors. Knowledge of idioms tends to be built throughout a lifetime of exposure to them. Why They're Easy Idiom questions are the only ones where solely relying on what "sounds right" is likely to give you the right answer. These questions do not require you to understand and apply a rule. If you're familiar with the specific idioms that appear on the ACT English section, you can easily spot any idiom errors. ACT English Tips for Idiom Questions #1: If a preposition, gerund, or infinitive is underlined, check for idiom errors. #2: The question may be testing idioms if the answer choices are all prepositions. #3: Keep a list of idioms that appear on your practice tests. #4: Review and familiarize yourself with the list of idioms below. List of ACT Idioms While there are thousands of idioms in the English language, almost all idiom questions I’ve encountered on the ACT involve prepositional idioms or idioms with gerunds/infinitives. I've listed some of the more common prepositional idioms and idioms with gerunds/infinitives to help guide your studying. Idioms that have appeared on questions in the Real ACT Prep Guide (the red book) are listed first. It's not practical for you to memorize every single idiom on this list. There are usually less than a handful of idiom questions on the ACT English section. Spending numerous hours learning hundreds of idioms would not be the best use of your study time. However, I do recommend that you review this list periodically to become more familiar with these phrases. Thinking about proper idiom construction should benefit you when you encounter idiom questions on the ACT. You'll improve your intuitive grasp of idioms and be able to better recognize idiom errors. After trying to learn every idiom This is my extensive list of idioms: IDIOMS FROM REAL ACT PREP GUIDE come to a conclusion come to a halt come to an end earned a living from/by doing in the dusk modeled on principles of such as PREPOSITIONAL IDIOMS About anxious about ask about bring about curious about hear about think about talk about worry about Against adviseagainst argue against count against decide against defend against go against rebel against As celebrate as regard as see as view as At aim at arriveat laugh at look at succeedat By accompanied by amazed by confused by followed by go by impressed by organized by struck by For advocate for ask for blame for famous for known for last for meant for named for necessary for pay for ready for responsible for tolerance for strive for wait for watch for From abstain from different from excuse from far from obvious from protect from Into enter into lookinto inquire into read into In engage in fall in love in Aas inB interested in succeed in take in Study hard! On base on draw on focus on impose on insist on move on prey on rely on Over argue over ruleover talk over thinkover Of approve of capable of certainof characteristic of combination of A and B cure of deprive of die of a fan of in danger of in the hope of in recognition of made up of a model of an offer of on the border of remind of a selection of a source of suspicious of take advantage of an understanding of a wealth of To able to accustomed to adapt to adhere to admit to adjacent to agree to as opposed to belong to central to come to contribute to devoted to in addition to in contrast to listen to object to prefer Ato B partial to reluctant to reply to see to similar to a threat to try to (NOT try and) unique to With agree with bargain with correlate with familiar with identify with in keeping with interfere with sympathize with trust with You can do it! GERUNDS VS. INFINITIVES Verbs Followed by a Gerund accuse of admire for allow appreciate capable of complete concentrate on confess to consider delay describe discourage from discuss dislike effective at enjoy escape finish forbid imagine insist on permit plan on postpone refrain from report resent resume stop tolerate PrepositionsFollowed by a Gerund before after without Verbs Followed by an Infinitive agree attempt choose condescend dare decide deserve encourage expect fail intend love mean neglect offer plan prepare promise refuse scramble seem strive swear tend threaten want Additional ACT English Practice Questions Hooray for making it to this point in the article! I know that was a long list. By now, you should understand the concept of idioms and how idioms are tested on the ACT. I've created some realistic ACT English questions on idioms for you. Consider the proper construction of idiomatic expressions and try to answer these questions without referring to the list above. 1. My parents allow me staying out late because I have earned their trust. A. NO CHANGE B. stayed C. to stay D. is staying 2. Despite his efforts, Gerald is incapable at eating without staining his shirt. A. NO CHANGE B. to eat C. eating D. of eating 3. Even though I tend to not enjoy magic, I was amazed to the trick the illusionist did at the end of his show. A. NO CHANGE B. by C. from D. into 4. Wyeth insisted on watching The O'Reilly Factor every single night. A. NO CHANGE B. insisted by C. insisted in D. insisted to Answers:1. C, 2. D, 3. B, 4. A What's Next? Congratulations on your continued efforts to improve your ACT English score. Make sure you check out this article on the five critical concepts you must understand to ace ACT English. Also, many students fear ACT English questions about commas; you don't have to live in fear. If you're looking for a basic overview of the ACT English section, read about what's actually tested on ACT English. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes what you study to your strengths and weaknesses. If you liked this English lesson, you'll love our program.Along with more detailed lessons, you'll get thousands ofpractice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Film review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Film review - Essay Example In the review of this movie published in 1999, Washington Post staff writer Stephen Hunter claims that the movie is not worth all compliments it received from critics. He motivates his argument by the fact that this movie has nothing special in it. Moreover, he states that the movie is deprived of charm; it is totally empty and it is good only for those people who want to kill their time. Luckily, this opinion is not shared by mass audience and Run Lola Run is treated as a real masterpiece in cinematography. This huge popularity is achieved by the realization of most resent tendencies of postmodernism in the film. In fact, this movie is a game where the rules are known only to the director, and people discover them together with Lola. The opening scene only supports this suggestion. The movies as the beginning of the football match where the referee blows the whistle. Such a beginning can seen strange, but it explains the concept of the film. The director wants to play with people who watch the movie. Every separate episode is unique due to unexpected plot development. The director manages to depict the concept of fate and luck in all of them. In all cases, the chain of events is caused by numerous actions which took place at the same time. All people involved in the story have their specific roles. In many case, the actions are generated on the spot and nobody knows their consequences. At the same time, the change of a single action or decision cases the situation called butterfly effect. The whole chain of events becomes radically different. It shows that all events are linked together and any change bring many other changes after it. This game created by the director is very complicated. Unlike people who watch the movie, the director knows everything. All scenes contain all necessary props and start from the same actions. It is director who decides where the story goes. People who watch the movie can only guess about